Research Article
Transformation from the Millennium Development Goals to the Sustainable Development Goals in Turkey and the World
Abstract
The main aim of this article is to analyze the transformation from the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) in Turkey and the world to the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). To this end, it is first examined the emergence processes of the sustainable development concept, MDGs and SDGs. Then, after evaluating the global progress on the SDGs, the development level of each SDG in Turkey is analyzed in a comparative perspective. Using reports of the UN, Bertelsmann Stiftung & SDSN, and Turkey, this study reveals that, although progress has been made in some areas of the SDGs, many challenges remain both in Turkey and the world.
Keywords
References
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- Amnesty International (2021). The 2020/2021 Annual Report on the situation of human rights in the world. Retrieved May 10, 2021, from https://www.amnesty.ch/de/ueber-amnesty/publikationen/amnesty-report/jahre/2020/202021-air-english_2021-04-07_final.pdf
- Battersby, J. (2016). MDGs to SDGs – new goals, same gaps: the continued absence of urban food security in the post-2015 global development agenda. Retrieved May 01, 2021, from https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/19376812.2016.1208769
- Bertelsmann Stiftung and Sustainable Development Solutions Network (2019). Sustainable development report. Retrieved March 20, 2020, from https://www.sdgindex.org/reports/sustainable-development-report-2019/
- Emas, R. (2015). Brief for GSDR 2015, The Concept of Sustainable Development: Definition and Defining Principles. Florida International University, Florida. Retrieved June 02, 2021, from https://sustainabledevelopment.un.org/content/documents/5839GSDR%202015_SD_concept_definiton_rev.pdf
- Fukuda-Parr, S. (2016). From the Millennium Development Goals to the Sustainable Development Goals: shifts in purpose, concept, and politics of global goal setting for development. Retrieved May 05, 2021, from https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/13552074.2016.1145895?src=recsys
- Halisçelik, E. (2016). Millennium Development Goals and Poor-Focused Growth. Sosyal Politikalar Platformu, 16/P-5. Retrieved May 11, 2021, from http://spm.etu.edu.tr/tr/publish/2016_06_03-Ergul-Haliscelik.pdf
- McCloskey, S. (2015). From MDGS to SDGS: We Need a Critical Awakening to Succeed. Policy & Practice: A Development Education Review. Retrieved on May 12, 2021, from https://www.developmenteducationreview.com/sites/default/files/Issue%2020A4%20(1).pdf#page=189
- Mengi, A. and Algan, N. (2003). Regional sustainable development in the age of globalization and decentralization, the case of EU and Turkey. Ankara: Political Publishing House.
- Ministry of Development (2016). Report on Turkey’s initial steps towards the implementation of the 2030 agenda for sustainable development. Retrieved January 27, 2020, from http://www.surdurulebilirkalkinma.gov.tr/wpcontent/uploads/2016/07/2030_Raporu.pdf
- State Planning Organization (2005). Millennium Development Goals Report on Turkey. Retrieved January 25, 2020, from http://www.sbb.gov.tr/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/Binyil_Kalkinma_Hedefleri_Raporu_Turkiye_2005.pdf
- State Planning Organization (2010). Millennium Development Goals Report on Turkey. Retrieved January 26, 2020, from http://www.surdurulebilirkalkinma.gov.tr/wp-content/uploads/2016/07/UNDP-TR-TR-2010-MDG-Report_TR.pdf
- Teksöz, G. (2014). Geçmişten ders almak: Sürdürülebilir kalkınma için eğitim [Learning from the past: Education for sustainable development]. Boğaziçi University Journal of Education, Vol. 31(2). Retrieved May 08, 2021, from https://dergipark.org.tr/en/download/article-file/324820
- Tosun, J. and Leininger, J. (2017). Governing the Interlinkages between the Sustainable Development Goals: Approaches to Attain Policy Integration. Global Challenges, 1. pp. 1-12. doi: 1700036. Retrieved June 06, 2021, from https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1002/gch2.201700036
- Turkey SDGs 2. Voluntary national review report ‘strong foundations for common goals’ (2019). Presented at the UN high-level political forum on sustainable development, New York. Retrieved March 11, 2020, from http://www.surdurulebilirkalkinma.gov.tr/wp-content/uploads/2020/01/Surdurulebilir_Kalkinma-Amaclari-Turkiye-2.-Ulusal-Gozden-Gecirme-Raporu-Ortak-Hedefler-icin-Saglam-Temeller_-interaktif.pdf
- Turkish Presidency (2019). Sürdürülebilir kalkınma amaçları değerlendirme raporu [Sustainable Development Goals Assessment Report]. Retrieved March 25, 2020, from http://www.sbb.gov.tr/wp-content/uploads/2020/03/Surdurulebilir-Kalkinma-Amaclari-Degerlendirme-Raporu_13_12_2019-WEB.pdf
- United Nations (n.d.). Agenda 21. Retrieved June 02, 2021, from https://sustainabledevelopment.un.org/outcomedocuments/agenda21
- United Nations (2015). The Millennium Development Goals Report. Retrieved 08 February, 2020, from https://www.un.org/millenniumgoals/2015_MDG_Report/pdf/MDG%202015%20Summary%20web_english.pdf
- United Nations (2019). Human Development Report. Retrieved March 07, 2020, from http://hdr.undp.org/sites/default/files/hdr2019.pdf
- United Nations (2019). The Sustainable Development Goals Report. Retrieved March 15, 2020, from https://unstats.un.org/sdgs/report/2019/The-Sustainable-Development-Goals-Report-2019.pdf
- United Nations Development Program (2015). The Millennium Development Goals Report. Retrieved January 10, 2020, from https://www.undp.org/content/dam/undp/library/MDG/english/UNDP_MDG_Report_2015.pdf
- United Nations Development Program (2019). Sustainable Development Goals. Retrieved January 30, 2020, from https://www.tr.undp.org/content/turkey/tr/home/sustainable-development-goals/background.html
- United Nations (n.d.). High-level Political Forum on Sustainable Development Retrieved February 20, 2020, from https://sustainabledevelopment.un.org/hlpf
- United Nations High-level Political Forum SDGs Summit (2019). Accelerating the implementation of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, New York, (September). Retrieved March 05, 2020, from https://sustainabledevelopment.un.org/sdgsummit
Year 2021,
Volume: 4 Issue: 1, 1 - 19, 29.06.2021
Abstract
Bu makalenin temel amacı, Türkiye'de ve dünyada Binyıl Kalkınma Hedefleri'nden (BKH) Sürdürülebilir Kalkınma Amaçları’na (SKA) dönüşüm sürecini ve gelinen gelişim düzeyini analiz etmektir. Bu amaçla çalışma, öncellikle, sürdürülebilir kalkınma kavramı, BKH ve SKA’nın ortaya çıkış süreçlerini incelemektedir. Akabinde, SKA konusundaki küresel ilerlemeyi değerlendirdikten sonra, Türkiye'deki SKA'nın gelişim düzeyi karşılaştırmalı bir bakış açısıyla analiz etmektedir. Çalışmada, BM, Bertelsmann Stiftung & SDSN ve Türkiye'nin ilgili raporlarından yararlanılarak, Türkiye'de ve dünyada 2030 amaçlarına ulaşma yolunda bazı alanlarda ilerleme kaydedilmiş olmasına rağmen, halen birçok zorlu sorunun üstesinden gelinemediği, ayrıca, gerekli sosyal ve ekonomik dönüşümü gerçekleştirecek çok daha hızlı ve iddialı bir çabaya ihtiyaç duyulduğu sonucuna varılmaktadır.
Keywords
Sürdürülebilir Kalkınma SKA BKH Türkiye Yoksulluk Sürdürülebilir Kalkınma, SKA, BKH, Türkiye, Yoksulluk
References
- Akyıldız, F. (2010). Sustainable Development and the MDGs in Turkey 5 Prior to 2015. Uşak University, Uşak. Retrieved May 09, 2021, from https://www.researchgate.net/publication/332864151_Sustainable_Development_and_the_MDGs_in_Turkey_5_Prior_to_2015
- Altan, R. (2008). United Nations development activities and their reflections on Turkey (Unpublished doctoral dissertation). Ankara University, Ankara.
- Amnesty International (2021). The 2020/2021 Annual Report on the situation of human rights in the world. Retrieved May 10, 2021, from https://www.amnesty.ch/de/ueber-amnesty/publikationen/amnesty-report/jahre/2020/202021-air-english_2021-04-07_final.pdf
- Battersby, J. (2016). MDGs to SDGs – new goals, same gaps: the continued absence of urban food security in the post-2015 global development agenda. Retrieved May 01, 2021, from https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/19376812.2016.1208769
- Bertelsmann Stiftung and Sustainable Development Solutions Network (2019). Sustainable development report. Retrieved March 20, 2020, from https://www.sdgindex.org/reports/sustainable-development-report-2019/
- Emas, R. (2015). Brief for GSDR 2015, The Concept of Sustainable Development: Definition and Defining Principles. Florida International University, Florida. Retrieved June 02, 2021, from https://sustainabledevelopment.un.org/content/documents/5839GSDR%202015_SD_concept_definiton_rev.pdf
- Fukuda-Parr, S. (2016). From the Millennium Development Goals to the Sustainable Development Goals: shifts in purpose, concept, and politics of global goal setting for development. Retrieved May 05, 2021, from https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/13552074.2016.1145895?src=recsys
- Halisçelik, E. (2016). Millennium Development Goals and Poor-Focused Growth. Sosyal Politikalar Platformu, 16/P-5. Retrieved May 11, 2021, from http://spm.etu.edu.tr/tr/publish/2016_06_03-Ergul-Haliscelik.pdf
- McCloskey, S. (2015). From MDGS to SDGS: We Need a Critical Awakening to Succeed. Policy & Practice: A Development Education Review. Retrieved on May 12, 2021, from https://www.developmenteducationreview.com/sites/default/files/Issue%2020A4%20(1).pdf#page=189
- Mengi, A. and Algan, N. (2003). Regional sustainable development in the age of globalization and decentralization, the case of EU and Turkey. Ankara: Political Publishing House.
- Ministry of Development (2016). Report on Turkey’s initial steps towards the implementation of the 2030 agenda for sustainable development. Retrieved January 27, 2020, from http://www.surdurulebilirkalkinma.gov.tr/wpcontent/uploads/2016/07/2030_Raporu.pdf
- State Planning Organization (2005). Millennium Development Goals Report on Turkey. Retrieved January 25, 2020, from http://www.sbb.gov.tr/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/Binyil_Kalkinma_Hedefleri_Raporu_Turkiye_2005.pdf
- State Planning Organization (2010). Millennium Development Goals Report on Turkey. Retrieved January 26, 2020, from http://www.surdurulebilirkalkinma.gov.tr/wp-content/uploads/2016/07/UNDP-TR-TR-2010-MDG-Report_TR.pdf
- Teksöz, G. (2014). Geçmişten ders almak: Sürdürülebilir kalkınma için eğitim [Learning from the past: Education for sustainable development]. Boğaziçi University Journal of Education, Vol. 31(2). Retrieved May 08, 2021, from https://dergipark.org.tr/en/download/article-file/324820
- Tosun, J. and Leininger, J. (2017). Governing the Interlinkages between the Sustainable Development Goals: Approaches to Attain Policy Integration. Global Challenges, 1. pp. 1-12. doi: 1700036. Retrieved June 06, 2021, from https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1002/gch2.201700036
- Turkey SDGs 2. Voluntary national review report ‘strong foundations for common goals’ (2019). Presented at the UN high-level political forum on sustainable development, New York. Retrieved March 11, 2020, from http://www.surdurulebilirkalkinma.gov.tr/wp-content/uploads/2020/01/Surdurulebilir_Kalkinma-Amaclari-Turkiye-2.-Ulusal-Gozden-Gecirme-Raporu-Ortak-Hedefler-icin-Saglam-Temeller_-interaktif.pdf
- Turkish Presidency (2019). Sürdürülebilir kalkınma amaçları değerlendirme raporu [Sustainable Development Goals Assessment Report]. Retrieved March 25, 2020, from http://www.sbb.gov.tr/wp-content/uploads/2020/03/Surdurulebilir-Kalkinma-Amaclari-Degerlendirme-Raporu_13_12_2019-WEB.pdf
- United Nations (n.d.). Agenda 21. Retrieved June 02, 2021, from https://sustainabledevelopment.un.org/outcomedocuments/agenda21
- United Nations (2015). The Millennium Development Goals Report. Retrieved 08 February, 2020, from https://www.un.org/millenniumgoals/2015_MDG_Report/pdf/MDG%202015%20Summary%20web_english.pdf
- United Nations (2019). Human Development Report. Retrieved March 07, 2020, from http://hdr.undp.org/sites/default/files/hdr2019.pdf
- United Nations (2019). The Sustainable Development Goals Report. Retrieved March 15, 2020, from https://unstats.un.org/sdgs/report/2019/The-Sustainable-Development-Goals-Report-2019.pdf
- United Nations Development Program (2015). The Millennium Development Goals Report. Retrieved January 10, 2020, from https://www.undp.org/content/dam/undp/library/MDG/english/UNDP_MDG_Report_2015.pdf
- United Nations Development Program (2019). Sustainable Development Goals. Retrieved January 30, 2020, from https://www.tr.undp.org/content/turkey/tr/home/sustainable-development-goals/background.html
- United Nations (n.d.). High-level Political Forum on Sustainable Development Retrieved February 20, 2020, from https://sustainabledevelopment.un.org/hlpf
- United Nations High-level Political Forum SDGs Summit (2019). Accelerating the implementation of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, New York, (September). Retrieved March 05, 2020, from https://sustainabledevelopment.un.org/sdgsummit
There are 25 citations in total.
Details
| Primary Language | English |
|---|---|
| Subjects | Economics |
| Journal Section | Articles |
| Authors | |
| Publication Date | June 29, 2021 |
| Published in Issue | Year 2021Volume: 4 Issue: 1 |
